What's in a definition?

We are going to talk about climate tech and innovation. What does the current picture look like?

What's in a definition?
This way or that way?

Which way to turn?

A lot is happening globally to address climate change. It's a hugely complex subject with many disciplines, sectors and activities. That makes it quite confusing - there are a lot of 'tech' solutions out there.

The classic cleantech, the wholesome greentech, then bluetech or marinetech, naturetech, sub-sectors such as biotech and agtech, and as many 'techs' as you can think of!

Our content and conversations here at konfab are going to be across the wider definition of climate 'tech' - there are a lot of definitions out there, and it seems no one has a definitive answer. There is also a lot of financial data attempting to summarise current trends - let's dip a toe in the water.

Here are some versions to consider:

NASDAQ

Climate tech refers to technologies and services that enable decarbonization of the global economy. Climate tech companies develop products and services that leverage these technologies to mitigate and adapt to climate change by removing existing carbon from the atmosphere, reducing future emissions or by increasing our resilience against the impacts of a changing climate. Since addressing climate change requires transformation across all sectors, climate tech companies span a wide variety of end markets and business models. Different stakeholders have different ways to define exactly what climate tech does and does not include, but subcategories generally converge around technologies that address the main sources of global emissions, as defined in the most recent IPCC report.

It's solid but not great and has ambiguity defined by sector stakeholders. πŸ˜•

You can read more on the NASDAQ scope and definition here, with some market analytics.

Short of time? Here are some highlights:

Sectors

The main sources of global emissions to address are energy, transportation, industry, buildings, and agriculture. They have then gone a bit further and added in a 'new' 6th sector, 'carbon tech'. Covering carbon removal technology and carbon accounting-related software.

As you might expect, it includes the good and the Heath Robinson / Rube Goldberg's [depending on your nationality];

"Common technology types include Direct Air Capture (DAC), Biochar, Soil Carbon Sequestration, Enhanced Weathering, and Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS), some of which are capital intensive and mostly still in the R&D phase without proven commercial success."

Market Size

A few estimated numbers quoted from various sources:

πŸ’²Silicon Valley Bank - $56bn by VC into climate tech startups in 2021

πŸ’²CTVC - $40bn by VC into climate tech startups in 2022

πŸ’²PWC - 25% of all VC investment was into climate tech in 2022

πŸ’²Silicon Valley Bank - global annual financing for the energy transition is $3.5T across both public and private, debt and equity

πŸ’²Silicon Valley Bank - this needs uplift to $5.6T per year to limit global warming and maintain the 1.5c degree target

I think we've all realised the 1.5-degree ship has sailed - the cost to tread water, literally and metaphorically, is getting bigger by the minute.

I'm quite surprised and very pleased NASDAQ flagged DAC and BECCS in that way. More on that topic, possibly another time. Let's jump over to

dealroom

Climate Tech refers to an array of technology solutions designed to address climate change and its environmental effects. This can be done by reducing GHG emissions or adapting our systems to environmental changes. Within the broad spectrum of climate tech, we find different types of technology, such as hardware, software, API, IoT, and biotech. Climate applications span a wide set of industries and sectors.

Pretty broad then. πŸ€”

You can read more on dealroom's climate tech summary here, with some useful and very detailed market analytics.

A quick look at a couple of data points here instead?

Enterprise Value

More investment challenges, but the opportunity remains;

"In 2022, the combined enterprise value of global climate tech startups dropped by 20% to $2.0T, before recovering and reaching $2.5T in 2023. πŸ“‰

"Climate tech VC funding is not being immune to the slowdown in the VC market. 2023 saw a ~30% decrease in respect to 2021/2022 levels." πŸ“‰

"The climate tech ecosystem has increased its combined value by 45x in a decade" πŸ“ˆ

Geography

Who is leading the way?

"Europe surpassed the US for Climate Tech VC funding in 2023. Europe held its best quarter to date in Q3 2023, with $10B poured into European climate tech solutions." πŸ‡ͺπŸ‡Ί

"The US remains the top country by climate tech funding in 2023, followed by China, UK and Sweden." πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ

"Cumulatively, the US has invested $131B in Climate Tech startups since 2018, 2.4x more than China. The UK, Sweden, Germany and France follow with $11-18B in funding." πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ

Big Picture

Piecing it all together;

"On one side, 2023 was the hottest year on record, with global temperatures close to the 1.5Β°C limit, and February 2024 was the warmest month on record with 1.8Β°C more than the pre-industrial average." ♨️

"Wildlife biodiversity has declined 69% since 1970, and we have already trespassed 6 out of the 8 planetary boundaries for earth stability." 🌍

"Global investment in the energy transition rose 17% to $1.8 trillion in 2023, a new all-time high and clean investments are outpacing fossil fuels by 80%. But net zero investments need to grow more than 170% if we are to get on track for net zero in the coming years." πŸ’°

"Climate Tech VC funding is small (~3%), but a key piece of this since it can scale emerging technologies and catalyze billions in down the line by the public markets, asset managers and lenders." 🧩

To round out a three, let's check in with:

Cleantech Group

Dipping into the taxonomy, scope of solutions and market sectors here. To refresh our perspective on the scale of what global change is required across so many disciplines.

The Cleantech Group Taxonomy | Cleantech Group
The Cleantech Group Taxonomy Cleantech Group’s proprietary taxonomy reflects our up-to-date view on companies that are cleantech and innovative, applying the original and…

It's complex - some highlights:

Industry Groups

The high-level big hitters again:

  • Agriculture + Food
  • Energy + Power
  • Materials + Chemicals
  • Resources + Environmental Management
  • Transportation + Logistics
  • Waste + Recycling

The Breakdown

A comprehensive classification system:

  • 68 sectors - technology buckets dervied from the Industry Groups ⬆️
  • 355 sub-sectors - product or service types ⬆️
  • 598 segments - technology approaches to deliver sub-sectors ⬆️
  • 400 sub-segments - specific technologies to deliver segments ⬆️
  • 1400 tags - companies tagged using these categories ⬆️

It's big and quite the piece of work. It needs to be, as we have seen there is a lot of money on the table and there needs to be a lot more.

Think of that taxonomy, and then the volume of startups and companies globally that come under it's structure. Then also consider the huge volume of startups not included as they aren't in the investment analytics phase yet. Just trying to make their way into eary stages of technology development, grant funding and hoping to secure future investment.

The scale is incredible across global markets. But it's still not enough, we must do more.

Does it matter?

No, the reality is it doesn't matter, at least not to us here today. Breaking down definitions of 'tech' and taxonomy helps reporting, analytics, government policies, trade and investment markets. For our purposes, the breakdown in our climate and all it's elements is the key - we need all of the solutions, well the good stuff anyway, whatever 'tech' label you want to give it.

It's clear from the numbers that we need massive global commitment to scale up our VC investment, private equity, public and long-term infrastructure finance and planning.

Essentially, whatever the 'tech' derivative, clean, green, marine etc. it's all climate tech. Usually focused on the same climate purpose and objective, and in our collective interest - as long as it contributes through a positive Life Cycle Assessment, high impact, quick timeframe, reduces GHG and supports our climate and sustainability goals.

I will be talking with experts and contributors to disciplines across the whole climate tech ecosystem. Increasing visibility and awareness to the great work, challenges and collaboration opportunities that exist. The quicker we can support and accelerate innovation and delivery, the quicker we can reach our climate goals.

Kane 🌱


πŸ“½οΈ
Here is a quick reminder on why acting now, with pace and purpose, is key. Check out the portfolio of solutions vs funding misalignment at around 8 minutes:

Jonathan Foley, Ph.D., is a world-renowned environmental scientist